Computer security software

There are a few components to successful internet security – firewalls, scanning for viruses and removing them – that can be done with separate programs. But we think you’re better off with a single suite that manages it all with only one installation and, for premium products, one subscription to pay.

Tip: Before choosing a security package, make sure your computer’s operating system has the latest updates. Ideally, you should also keep your web browser and other important programs updated.

Many packages are available in free and paid varieties. Both are legitimate options, depending on your priorities.

Free version: contains all the same basic functions and is just as secure. However, it will incessantly ask you to upgrade to the paid version and may also come bundled with extra programs you don’t need.

Premium version: aside from removing ads, will come with advanced features. Some, such as ransomware protection, are like insurance policies – not useful on a daily basis, but if you do need them, you’ll really need them. Others, such as password managers, are mostly for convenience or protecting against human error.

Don’t assume your Mac is safe. We found the macOS operating system provides almost no protection against malware, so an antivirus package is important even though there are fewer viruses going around for Macs.

• Phishing protection: a website impersonating a company, such as your bank, is an example of phishing. Often, the idea is that you’ll enter your password before noticing the scam. Most security programs block sites known to be involved in phishing. However, a lot of phishing is done via email, so look for a package with email scanning as well.
  
• Parental controls (content filtering): allows you to blacklist (block) certain websites, or to specify keywords or content that, if detected, will prevent a page from loading.
• Pop-up and ad blocking: pop-up windows often contain adware or viruses.
• Ransomware protection: this type of malware takes your data, encrypts it, and only decrypts it once you pay a ransom (if you’re lucky). It’s rare but can be devastating.
• Cookie blocking: cookies are small files that save personalised information about your activity on websites. They’re widely used and often helpful, but can be a privacy risk.
• Scan on install: ideally, you’ll be installing on a virus-free computer. If you’re not sure, look for software that scans your computer before or during installation.
• Scheduled scanning: allows you to set the program to scan specific folders at regular times.
• Password manager: generates complex passwords on demand and stores them in an encrypted database. They’re much harder to guess, increasing security.
  
• Game mode: tells the firewall that the online game you’re playing is safe, and delays pop-ups, regular scans and updates until you’ve finished. Often, this mode can also be used for streaming video or other resource-intensive activities.
• Multiple-device licences: many premium programs have licence options that allow you to cover additional computers and devices, such as smartphones and tablets, across a range of operating systems including iOS and Android.
• System requirements: check your computer meets the program’s recommended processing power and RAM. The software is running constantly, so if it’s too resource-hungry it’ll slow your machine to a frustrating crawl.